From a presentation on 1998/02/07 at Calvin College, via YouTube (thanks to George Siemens for pointing this video out!)
when looking at any technology, (at least) 6 questions are important:
- “What is the problem to which this is the solution?”
- “Whose problem is it?”
- “Suppose we solve this problem, and solve it decisively. What new problems might be created because we have solved the problem?”
- “Which people, and what institutions might be most seriously harmed by a technological solution?”
- “What changes in language are being enforced by new technologies, and what is being gained and lost by such changes?”
- (eg. “community” and “conversation” have changed meaning wrt internet)
- “conversation” – “email isn’t a conversation, it’s just 2 guys typing messages to each other.”
- “community” – on internet, people of similar interests. traditionally, people who do not necessarily have similar interests, but who must negotiate and accommodate their differences for the sake of social harmony.
- “What sort of people and institutions acquire special economic and political power because of technological change?”
- the transformation of a technology into a medium – the exploitation of a technology – always results in a realignment of power.
- eg. television gives power to some, while depriving others.
- media entrepreneurs are the most radical force in culture.
“The answers one gives may have an ideological cast, but the questions [are universal].”
There are a number of studies on species that went extinct and most of them seem to refer to the fact that those who had become too specialized disappeared. A small change in the environment killed them.
- Carlo Ratti, Seed Magazine, December 2008. Page 42
Interesting observation to keep in mind when thinking about education…
Michael Wesch just posted an amazing reflection on his experience in the classroom. He’s frustrated by the lack of engagement, the scattered engagement. The education through “soul murder.”
My teaching assistants consoled me by noting that students have learned that they can “get by” without paying attention in their classes. Perhaps feeling a bit encouraged by [...]
…we do not get our perceptions from the “things” around us. Our perceptions come from us. This does not mean that there is nothing outside of our skins. It does mean that whatever is “out there” can never be known except as it is filtered through a human nervous system. We can never get outside of our own skins. “Reality” is a perception, located somewhere behind the eyes.
- Postman, 1969
This sums up so much of what I’ve been thinking about. And leads to so much more…
All authorities get nervous when learning is conducted without a syllabus.
- Postman, Teaching as a Subversive Activity, 1969
I just read a post on the O'Reilly Digital Media Blog about a prolific photographer named Gary Winogrand. I hadn't heard of him before, but the guy shot well over 300,000 photos during his career, all on film.�
�You don�t learn anything from repeating what you know, in affect, so I keep trying to make (the process) uncertain. The nature of the photographic process – it is about failure. Most everything I do doesn�t quite make it. The failures can be intelligent; nothing ventured nothing gained. Hopefully you�re risking failing every time you make a frame.�
- Gary Winogrand, in an interview with Bill Moyers (1982)
Gary also had an interesting take on the editing process. He would apparently leave film undeveloped for at least a year (or longer) after a shoot, so his editorial decisions weren't clouded by the emotions felt during the shoot. He didn't want to be selecting the best shots while he could still remember any details of doing the actual shoot. That is an amazing level of self restraint, something that is probably much, much harder now in the days of instant digital processing and cataloging.�